Inkcazo ecacileyo yesakhiwo sangaphakathi kunye namacandelo aphambili e-compressor ehambelanayo
Inkcazo ecacileyo yesakhiwo sangaphakathi se-compressor ebuyiselayo
Iicompressor ezibuyiselayo ubukhulu becala zenziwe ngumzimba, i-crankshaft, intonga yokudibanisa, iqela lepiston, ivalve yomoya, i-shaft seal, impompo yeoli, isixhobo sohlengahlengiso lwamandla, inkqubo yokujikeleza kweoyile kunye nezinye izinto.
Oku kulandelayo sisingeniso esifutshane kumacandelo aphambili ecompressor.
umzimba
Umzimba wecompressor ebuyiselayo unamacandelo amabini: ibhloko yesilinda kunye ne-crankcase, eziphoswa ngokubanzi xa zizonke zisebenzisa i-high-power grey cast iron (HT20-40).Ngumzimba oxhasa ubunzima be-cylinder liner, i-crankshaft yokudibanisa intonga kunye nawo onke amanye amalungu kwaye iqinisekisa indawo echanekileyo phakathi kwamalungu.I-cylinder ithatha isakhiwo se-cylinder liner kwaye ifakwe kwi-cylinder liner seat hole kwibhloko ye-cylinder ukuze kube lula ukulungiswa okanye ukutshintshwa xa i-cylinder liner igugile.
crankshaft
I-crankshaft yenye yezona zinto ziphambili ze-compressor ephindaphindayo kwaye ihambisa onke amandla e-compressor.Umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukutshintsha ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kwe-motor kwi-reciprocating linear motion ye-piston ngokusebenzisa intonga yokudibanisa.Xa i-crankshaft ishukuma, ithwala imithwalo edibeneyo edibeneyo yoxinzelelo, ucinezelo, ukucheba, ukugoba kunye ne-torsion.Iimeko zokusebenza zinzima kwaye zifuna amandla okwaneleyo kunye nokuqina kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kwijenali ephambili kunye ne-crankpin.Ke ngoko, i-crankshaft yenziwe ngokubanzi ukusuka kwi-40, 45 okanye 50-yekhwalithi ephezulu yentsimbi yekhabhoni.
ikhonkco
Intonga yokudibanisa isiqwenga sokudibanisa phakathi kwe-crankshaft kunye nepiston.Iguqula intshukumo ejikelezayo yecrankshaft ibe sisindululo esiphindaphindayo sepiston, kwaye idlulisela amandla kwipiston ukwenza umsebenzi kwirhasi.Intonga yokudibanisa ibandakanya umzimba wentonga yokudibanisa, intonga yokudibanisa i-bushing encinci, intonga yokudibanisa i-bush enkulu ephethe i-bush kunye ne-bolt rod bolt.Ulwakhiwo lwentonga yokudibanisa luboniswe kuMzobo 7. Umzimba wentonga yokudibanisa ithwala imithwalo eguqukayo kunye neyokuxininisa ngexesha lokusebenza, ngoko ngokuqhelekileyo iqulunqwe nge-high-quality medium carbon steel okanye i-cast nge-ductile iron (njenge-QT40-10).Umzimba wentonga uthatha ubukhulu becala i-I-shaped cross-section kunye nomngxuma omde ugrunjwa phakathi njengepaseji yeoli..
intloko enqamlezileyo
I-crosshead licandelo elidibanisa intonga yepiston kunye nentonga yokudibanisa.Yenza ukunyakaza okubuyelayo kumzila wesikhokelo somzimba ophakathi kwaye idlulisa amandla entonga yokudibanisa kwi-piston component.I-crosshead iqulunqwe kakhulu ngumzimba we-crosshead, i-pin ye-crosshead, isihlangu esinqamlezayo kunye nesixhobo sokuqinisa.Iimfuno ezisisiseko ze-crosshead kufuneka zibe khaphukhaphu, zinganxibi kwaye zibe namandla aneleyo.Umzimba we-crosshead yisakhiwo se-cylindrical esinamacala amabini, esibekwe kunye nezihlangu ezityibilikayo ngolwimi kunye ne-groove kwaye zixhunywe kunye nezikrufu.I-crosshead sliding shoe iyisakhiwo esinokutshintshwa, kunye ne-alloy ethwele i-alloy cast phezu koxinzelelo olunoxinzelelo kunye ne-oil grooves kunye neepaseji zeoli.Izikhonkwane ze-Crosshead zihlulwe zibe yi-cylindrical kunye ne-tapered pins, i-drilled shaft kunye nemigodi yeoli ye-radial.
isigcwalisi
Ukupakisha ikakhulu licandelo elivala isithuba phakathi kwe-cylinder kunye nentonga yepiston.Inokuthintela irhasi ukuba ingavuzi kwi-cylinder ukuya kwifuselage.Ezinye i-compressors zihlulwe zibe ngamaqela okupakisha kwangaphambili kunye namaqela okupakisha emva kokupakisha ngokwegesi okanye iimfuno zomsebenzisi kwi-temperament.Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ityhefu, ukutsha, ukuqhuma, igesi exabisekileyo, i-oyile engenawo kunye nezinye iicompressors.Amaqela amabini amaqela okupakisha kukho Kukho ikhompatimenti phakathi.
Ukupakishwa kwangaphambili kusetyenziswa ikakhulu ukutywina igesi kwi-compressor cylinder ukuba ingavuzi.Ukupakisha ngasemva kusebenza njengetywina elincedisayo.Umsesane wokutywina ngokuqhelekileyo wamkela itywina elinamacala amabini.Kukho indawo ekhuselayo yegesi elungiselelwe ngaphakathi kwindandatho yokutywina.Inokusetyenziswa kwakhona ngokudibanisa ne-oil scraper ring.Akukho ndawo yokuthambisa kwaye akukho sixhobo sokupholisa.
Iqela lepiston
Iqela lepiston ligama eliqhelekileyo lentonga yepiston, ipiston, iringi yepiston kunye neringi yenkxaso.Iqhutywe yintonga yokudibanisa, iqela lepiston lenza intshukumo ehambelanayo yomgca kwi-cylinder, ngaloo ndlela lenza umthamo wokusebenza oguquguqukayo kunye ne-cylinder ukuphumeza ukufunxa, ukunyanzeliswa, ukukhupha kunye nezinye iinkqubo.
Intonga yepiston idibanisa ipiston kwi-crosshead, idlulisela amandla asebenza kwi-piston, kwaye iqhube ipiston ukuba ihambe.Ukudibanisa phakathi kwepiston kunye ne-piston rod ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha iindlela ezimbini: igxalaba le-cylindrical kunye ne-cone uxhumano.
Umsesane wepiston yinxalenye esetyenziselwa ukutywina umsantsa phakathi kwesibuko sesilinda kunye nepiston.Ikwadlala indima yokusasazwa kweoli kunye nokuqhuba ukushisa.Iimfuno ezisisiseko zamakhonkco episton kukutywinwa okuthembekileyo kunye nokumelana nokunxiba.Iringi yenkxaso ixhasa ubukhulu becala ubunzima bepiston kunye nepiston kwaye ikhokela ipiston, kodwa ayinawo umsebenzi wokutywina.
Xa i-cylinder ithanjiswa ngeoli, i-piston ring isebenzisa intsimbi yentsimbi okanye i-PTFE yeplastiki egcwele;xa uxinzelelo luphezulu, i-copper alloy piston ring isetyenziswa;umsesane wenkxaso usebenzisa intsimbi yeplastiki okanye i-alloy yokuthwala iphoswe ngqo kumzimba wepiston.Xa i-cylinder ithanjiswa ngaphandle kweoli, i-piston ring support rings izaliswe ngamakhonkco eplastiki ye-polytetrafluoroethylene.
ivelufa yomoya
Ivalve yomoya yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yecompressor kwaye yinxalenye yokunxiba.Umgangatho wayo kunye nomgangatho wokusebenza uchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umthamo wokuhanjiswa kwegesi, ukulahleka kwamandla kunye nokuthembeka kokusebenza kwecompressor.Ivalve yomoya ibandakanya ivalve yokufunxa kunye nevalve yokukhupha.Ngalo lonke ixesha ipiston ibuyela phezulu naphantsi, iivalvu zokufunxa kunye ne-exhaust zivula kwaye zivale ixesha ngalinye, ngaloo ndlela ilawula icompressor kwaye iyivumele ukuba igqibezele iinkqubo ezine zokusebenza zokufunxa, ukucinezela kunye nokukhupha.
Iivalvu zomoya ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zahlulwe ngokweevalve zemesh kunye ne-annular valves ngokwesakhiwo sepleyiti yevalve.
Ivalve ye-annular yenziwe sisihlalo sevalve, ipleyiti yevalve, i-spring, i-lift limiter, iibholiti ezidibanisayo kunye namantongomane, njl. njl.Inani lamakhonkco lingatshintshwa ukuze lihambelane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zomthamo wegesi.Ukungalungi kwee-valve ze-annular kukuba iindandatho zeeplati ze-valve zihlukaniswe omnye komnye, okwenza kube nzima ukufezekisa amanyathelo ahambelanayo ngexesha lokuvula nokuvala imisebenzi, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa umthamo wegesi kunye nokwandisa ukulahlekelwa kwamandla okongeziweyo.Izinto ezihambayo ezifana nepleyiti yevalve inobunzima obukhulu, kwaye kukho ukukhuhlana phakathi kwepleyiti yevalve kunye nebhloko yesikhokelo.Iivalve zeringi zihlala zisebenzisa i-cylindrical (okanye i-conical) imithombo kunye nezinye izinto, ezimisela ukuba akulula ukuba ipleyiti yevalve ivule kwaye ivale ngexesha ngexesha lokuhamba., ngokukhawuleza.Ngenxa yesiphumo esibi se-buffering yepleyiti yevalvu, ukunxitywa kubi.
Iipleyiti zevalve zevalve yomnatha zidityaniswe kunye kwizangqa ukwenza ubume bemesh, kunye nepleyiti enye okanye ezininzi zebuffer ezime ngendlela efanayo neepleyiti zevalve zicwangciswe phakathi kwepleyiti yevalve kunye nesithinteli sokuphakamisa.Iivalve zeMesh zifanelekile kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kwaye ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo eziphantsi kunye neziphakathi zoxinzelelo.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi yepleyiti ye-valve ye-mesh kunye nenani elikhulu leengxenye zevalve, ukulungiswa kunzima kwaye iindleko ziphezulu.Ukonakala kuyo nayiphi na indawo yepleyiti yevalvu kuya kubangela ukuba ipleyiti yevalve yonke ichithwe.
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