Kutheni kwakhiwe itanki enkulu kangaka yokugcina irhasi?
Kungekudala, ii-gasholders ezintathu ezinkulu zehlabathi zakhiwe e-China, kwaye iindawo zabo zokugcina zafikelela kwi-270,000 cubic metres kwitanki nganye.Abathathu abasebenza ngaxeshanye banokunika abantu abazizigidi ezingama-60 igesi kangangeenyanga ezimbini.Kutheni le nto kufuneka sakhe itanki enkulu yokugcina igesi ephezulu?Indlela entsha yegesi yendalo enyibilikisiweyo yamandla
Njengelizwe elikhulu lokusetyenziswa kwamandla, i-China ibisoloko ixhomekeke kakhulu kumalahle njengowona mthombo wamandla.Nangona kunjalo, ngokuchaneka okubonakalayo phakathi kophuhliso loqoqosho kunye nongcoliseko lwendalo esingqongileyo, ungcoliseko lomoya kunye nezinye iingozi zokusingqongileyo ezibangelwa kukusetyenziswa kwamalahle ziya zisiba mbi kakhulu, kwaye ubume bamandla bufuna ukuguqulwa ngokukhawuleza lube yikhabhoni ephantsi, enobungani nokusingqongileyo kwaye icoceke.Irhasi yendalo yikhabhoni ephantsi kunye nomthombo wamandla acocekileyo, kodwa kunzima ukuyigcina nokuyihambisa, kwaye isoloko isetyenziswa kakhulu njengoko isembiwa.
Emva kothotho lwe-ultra-low liquefaction yegesi yendalo, i-liquefied natural gas (LNG) yenziwa.Inxalenye yayo ephambili yimethane.Emva kokutshisa, ingcolisa umoya omncinci kakhulu kwaye ikhuphe ubushushu obuninzi.Ke ngoko, i-LNG ngumthombo wamandla okwinqanaba eliphezulu kwaye wamkelwa njengowona mthombo wamandla efosili ucocekileyo emhlabeni.I-Liquefied natural gas (LNG) iluhlaza, icocekile, ikhuselekile kwaye iyasebenza, kwaye ikulungele ukugcinwa nokuthuthwa.Isetyenziswa kakhulu kunerhasi yendalo, kwaye amazwe anokhuseleko lwendalo oluphambili kwihlabathi akhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwe-LNG.
Kwangaxeshanye, umthamo werhasi yendalo enyibilikisiweyo imalunga nesinye kwisithandathu serhasi, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ukugcina i-1 cubic meter yegesi yendalo enyibilikisiweyo ilingana nokugcina i-cubic metres ezingama-600 zegesi yendalo, ebaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni. unikezelo lwerhasi yendalo yelizwe.
Ngo-2021, i-China yangenisa i-81.4 yezigidi zeetoni ze-LNG, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yeyona LNG ingenisa ngaphandle inkulu ehlabathini.Siza kuyigcina njani i-LNG eninzi kangaka?
Indlela yokugcina igesi yendalo engamanzi
Irhasi yendalo enyibilikisiweyo kufuneka igcinwe ku -162℃ okanye ngaphantsi.Ukuba ubushushu bendalo bungena ngaphakathi, ubushushu berhasi yendalo enyibilikisiweyo buya kunyuka, bubangele umonakalo kwisakhiwo semibhobho, iivalvu kunye namatanki.Ukuqinisekisa ugcino lwe-LNG, itanki yokugcina kufuneka igcinwe ibanda njengefriji enkulu.
Kutheni kwakhiwe itanki yerhasi enkulu kakhulu?Esona sizathu siphambili sokukhetha ukwakha itanki yokugcina igesi eyi-270,000-square-square-enkulu kukuba eyona nto ihambisa i-LNG ye-LNG inomthamo omalunga ne-275,000 square metres.Ukuba inqanawa ye-LNG ithuthelwa kwizibuko, inokulayishwa ngokuthe ngqo kwitanki yokugcina igesi ephezulu ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yokugcina.Umphezulu, umbindi kunye nomzantsi wetanki yokugcina igesi ephezulu yenziwe ngobuchule.Ikotoni ebandayo kunye nobukhulu obupheleleyo beemitha ezi-1.2 phezulu ihlukanisa umoya kwi-tank ukusuka kwisilingi ukunciphisa i-convection;Umbindi wetanki ufana ne-rice cooker, ezaliswe ngezinto eziphathekayo ezine-conductivity ephantsi ye-thermal kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal insulation;Umzantsi wetanki usebenzisa iileya ezintlanu zezinto ezintsha zokugquma i-inorganic thermal-izitena zeglasi ezinogwebu ukuqinisekisa isiphumo sokugcina ukubanda komzantsi wetanki.Ngexesha elifanayo, inkqubo yokulinganisa ubushushu imiselwe ukunika i-alamu ngexesha ukuba kukho ukuvuza okubandayo.Ukhuseleko olujikelezayo lusombulula ingxaki yokugcina igesi yendalo enyibilikisiweyo.
Kunzima kakhulu ukuyila kunye nokwakha itanki enkulu yokugcina kuyo yonke imiba, phakathi kwayo ukusebenza kwedome ye-LNG yokugcina i-tank yeyona nto inzima, inzima kwaye inobungozi ekufakeni kunye nokwakhiwa.Kwidome "enkulu ye-MAC", abaphandi babeka phambili iteknoloji yokusebenza "yokuphakamisa igesi".Ukunyuswa komoya “luhlobo olutsha lwetekhnoloji yokusebenza yokuphakamisa, esebenzisa i-500,000 cubic metres zomoya evuthelwa yifeni ukunyusa kancinci idome yetanki yokugcina igesi kwindawo emiselweyo phezulu.”Ilingana nokuzalisa iibhola zebhola ezizizigidi ezingama-700 kwitanki yokugcina umoya.Ukuze kuvuthelwe le behemoth ukuya kubude obuziimitha ezingama-60, abakhi bafakela izivuthelo ezine ezingama-110 kW njengenkqubo yamandla.Xa idome iphakama kwindawo emiselweyo, kufuneka idityaniswe phezulu kwodonga lwetanki phantsi kwemeko yokugcina uxinzelelo kwitanki, kwaye ekugqibeleni ukuphakamisa uphahla kugqityiwe.