Zihlelwa njani izitshintshi zobushushu?
Ngokwendlela yokudlulisa ubushushu, inokwahlulwa ibe: ulwahlulo lobushushu eludongeni, utshintshiselwano lobushushu olutsha, unxibelelwano lwamanzi olungathanga ngqo olutshintshisa ubushushu, utshintshiselwano oluthe ngqo lobushushu, kunye notshintshiselwano oluninzi lobushushu.
Ngokwenjongo, inokwahlulwa ibe: heater, preheater, superheater kunye evaporator.
Ngokwesakhiwo, inokwahlulwa ibe: isitshintshi sobushushu sentloko edadayo, isitshintshi sobushushu esisisigxina se-tube-sheet, i-tube-sheet ene-U-sheet exchanger heat, iplate heat exchanger, njl.
Omnye umahluko phakathi kwegobolondo kunye netyhubhu kunye nokutshintshana kobushushu beplate: ubume
1. Iqokobhe kunye nesakhiwo sokutshintsha ubushushu ityhubhu:
Igobolondo kunye ne-tube exchanger heat exchanger yenziwe ngegobolondo, i-tube transfer bundle, i-tube sheet, i-baffle (i-baffle) kunye nebhokisi ye-tube kunye nezinye izinto.Igobolondo ininzi i-cylindrical, kunye ne-tube bundle ngaphakathi, kwaye iziphelo ezimbini ze-tube bundle zigxininiswe kwiphepha lombhobho.Kukho iindidi ezimbini zolwelo olushushu kunye nolwelo olubandayo ekugqithiseni ubushushu, olunye lulwelo olungaphakathi kumbhobho, olubizwa ngokuba lulwelo olusecaleni kombhobho;olunye lulwelo olungaphandle kombhobho, olubizwa ngokuba lulwelo olusecaleni kweqokobhe.
Ukuze kuphuculwe i-coefficient yokudlulisa ubushushu be-fluid ngaphandle kombhobho, ii-baffles ezininzi zihlala zicwangciswa kwiqokobhe lombhobho.I-baffle inokunyusa isantya solwelo kwicala leqokobhe, yenza ukuba ulwelo ludlule kwi-tube bundle amaxesha amaninzi ngokomgama ochaziweyo, kwaye yandise isiphithiphithi solwelo.
Iityhubhu zokutshintshiselana ngobushushu zinokucwangciswa koonxantathu abalinganayo okanye izikwere kwiphepha lombhobho.Ukucwangciswa koonxantathu abalinganayo kuhlangene, iqondo lokuphazamiseka kwamanzi ngaphandle kombhobho liphezulu, kwaye i-coefficient yokudlulisa ubushushu inkulu.Ulungelelwaniso lwesikwere luququzelela ukucocwa ngaphandle kombhobho kwaye lufanelekile ulwelo olulungele ukungcola.
1-iqokobhe;I-2-tube bundle;3, 4-isinxibelelanisi;5-intloko;I-6-tube plate: i-7-baffle: i-8-drain pipe
Indlela enye iqokobhe kunye netyhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu
Idayagram ecwangcisiweyo yeqokobhe elinye eliphindwe kabini umtshintshi wobushushu
2. Isakhiwo sokutshintsha ubushushu kwipleyiti:
Isitshintshi sobushushu sepleyiti esuswayo senziwe ngeepleyiti ezininzi ezinesitampu ezicekethekileyo ezicekethekileyo ngamaxesha athile, zitywinwe ngeegaskets ezizijikelezileyo, kwaye zigqunywe ngeefreyimu kunye nezikrufu zokucinezela.Imingxunya emine yeekona zeepleyiti kunye ne-spacers zenza abasasazi kunye nabaqokeleli bamanzi.Kwangaxeshanye, ulwelo olubandayo kunye nolwelo olushushu lwahlulwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuze lwahlulwe kumacala omabini epleyiti nganye.Ukuhamba kwiitshaneli, ukutshintshana kobushushu ngokusebenzisa iipleyiti.
Omnye umahluko phakathi kweqokobhe kunye netyhubhu yokutshintshiselana kobushushu kunye neepleyiti zokutshintsha ubushushu: ulwahlulo
1. Ukuhlelwa kweqokobhe kunye nezitshintshi zobushushu ityhubhu:
(1) Iphepha letyhubhu ye-tube sheet sheet esisigxina yokutshintsha ubushushu idityaniswe kunye neenyanda zetyhubhu kwiziphelo zombini zegobolondo ityhubhu.Xa umahluko weqondo lobushushu umkhulu kancinane kunye noxinzelelo lwecala leqokobhe lingekho phezulu kakhulu, umsesane wembuyekezo weelastiki unokufakwa kwiqokobhe ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lobushushu.
(2) Ipleyiti yetyhubhu kwelinye icala lombhobho wentloko edadayo yokutshintsha ubushushu inokudada ngokukhululekileyo, ikhuphe ngokupheleleyo uxinzelelo lwe-thermal, kwaye yonke inyanda yetyhubhu inokutsalwa kwiqokobhe, elungele ukucocwa nokugcinwa koomatshini.Izixhobo zokutshintshisa ubushushu bentloko edadayo zisetyenziswa kakhulu, kodwa ubume bazo bunzima kwaye ixabiso liphezulu.
3Ngoncedo lwebhokisi yebhokisi yebhubhu, ihlulwe ibe ngamagumbi amabini: i-inlet kunye ne-outlet.Umtshintshi wobushushu uphelisa ngokupheleleyo uxinzelelo lwe-thermal, kwaye isakhiwo saso silula kunohlobo lwentloko edadayo, kodwa icala lombhobho akulula ukulicoca.
(4) I-eddy yangoku eshushu yokutshintshisa ubushushu befilimu ithatha itekhnoloji yangoku ye-eddi eshushu yokutshintsha ubushushu befilimu, kwaye iphucula isiphumo sokutshintshiselana kobushushu ngokuguqula imeko yentshukumo yolwelo.Xa i-medium idlula kumphezulu wetyhubhu ye-vortex, iya kuba ne-scour eqinile phezu kombhobho we-vortex, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukuhanjiswa kobushushu, ukuya kwi-10000 W / m2.Ngelo xesha, isakhiwo sinemisebenzi yokumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukuchasana noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokuchasana nokulinganisa.
2. Ukuhlelwa kweepleyiti zokutshintsha ubushushu:
(1) Ngokobungakanani bendawo yokutshintshiselana kobushushu kwiyunithi yendawo nganye, iplate yokutshintshiselana kobushushu ngumxube wobushushu obubambeneyo, ikakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neqokobhe kunye netyhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu.Igobolondo lemveli kunye nezitshintshi zobushushu ityhubhu zihlala kwindawo enkulu.
(2) Ngokokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo, kukho amagama ahlukeneyo: i-plate heater, i-plate cooler, i-plate condenser, i-plate preheater.
(3) Ngokwenkqubo yokudibanisa, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-unidirectional plate heat exchanger kunye ne-multi-directional plate heat exchanger.
4Ezi zimbini zokugqibela zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
(5) Ngokobungakanani besithuba sembaleki, inokwahlulwa ngokwesiqhelo kwipleyiti yomsantsa yokutshintsha ubushushu kunye nepleyiti ebanzi yomsantsa.
(6) Ngokwemeko yokunxiba i-corrugation, i-plate heat exchanger ineeyantlukwano ezineenkcukacha ezininzi, ezingayi kuphinda ziphindwe.Nceda ubhekiselele ku: ifom yentsimbi yesitshintshi sobushushu bepleyiti.
(7) Ngokumalunga nokuba yiseti epheleleyo yeemveliso, inokwahlulwa ibe yipleyiti enye yokutshintshisa ubushushu kunye neyunithi yokutshintsha ubushushu bepleyiti.
Ipleyiti-fin umtshintshisi wobushushu
Omnye umahluko phakathi kweqokobhe kunye netyhubhu kunye nabatshintshisi bobushushu beplate: Iimpawu
1. Iimpawu zeqokobhe kunye ne-tube exchanger heat:
(1) Ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla, i-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa kwe-heat exchanger yi-6000-8000W / (m2·k).
(2) Yonke imveliso yensimbi engenasici, ubomi benkonzo ende, ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-20.
(3) Ukutshintsha ukuhamba kwe-laminar kwi-turbulent flow kuphucula ukuhanjiswa kobushushu kunye nokunciphisa ukuxhathisa kwe-thermal.
(4) Ukutshintshwa kobushushu okukhawulezayo, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu (400 degrees Celsius), ukumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu (2.5 MPa).
(5) Ubume obubambeneyo, unyawo oluncinci, ubunzima obulula, ukufakwa lula, ukonga utyalo-mali lolwakhiwo.
(6) Idizayini ibhetyebhetye, iinkcukacha zigqityiwe, ukuba nokwenzeka komelele, kwaye imali iyagcinwa.
(7) Inoluhlu olubanzi lweemeko zesicelo kwaye ifanelekile uxinzelelo, ubushushu bokushisa kunye nokutshintshwa kobushushu beendaba ezahlukeneyo.
(8) Iindleko zokugcinwa okuphantsi, ukusebenza okulula, umjikelezo omude wokucoca kunye nokucoca okulula.
(9) Yamkela iteknoloji yefilimu ye-nano-thermal, enokuphucula kakhulu i-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa.
(10) Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumandla obushushu, kwimizi-mveliso nakwimigodi, kwi-petrochemical, ukufudumeza kumbindi wedolophu, ukutya kunye namayeza, i-electronics energy, oomatshini kunye neshishini lokukhanya kunye nezinye iinkalo.
(11) Ityhubhu yobhedu enamaphiko okupholisa aqengqeleke kumphezulu ongaphandle wetyhubhu yokuhambisa ubushushu ine-conductivity ephezulu ye-thermal kunye nendawo enkulu yokuhambisa ubushushu.
(12) Ipleyiti yesikhokelo ikhokela i-shell-side fluid ukuba ihambe ngokuqhubekayo kumgca ophukileyo kwi-heat exchanger.Umgama phakathi kweepleyiti zesikhokelo unokuhlengahlengiswa ukuze uhambe kakuhle.Isakhiwo siqinile, kwaye sinokuhlangabezana nokuhanjiswa kobushushu bolwelo olukwicala leqokobhe kunye nesantya esikhulu sokuqukuqela okanye isantya esikhulu sokuqukuqela kunye nesantya esiphezulu sokuphefumla.
2. Iimpawu zokutshintsha ubushushu kwipleyiti:
(1) I-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa okuphezulu
Ekubeni iipleyiti eziguqukileyo ezihlukeneyo ziguqulwa, iziteshi eziyinkimbinkimbi zenziwe, ukwenzela ukuba ulwelo phakathi kweeplate ezigxothiweyo luqukuqelele kwi-sound-dimensional flow flowing flowing, kunye ne-turbulent flow inokuveliswa kwinani eliphantsi le-Reynolds (ngokubanzi Re=50-200), ngoko ke. ukufuduswa kobushushu I-coefficient iphezulu, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ithathwa ukuba umbala obomvu u-3-5 ngamaxesha ohlobo lwegobolondo kunye ne-tube.
(2) Umahluko ophakathi welogarithmic wobushushu mkhulu, kwaye umahluko wobushushu ekupheleni mncinane
Kwiqokobhe kunye netyhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu, kukho ukuhamba kwamanzi amabini kwicala letyhubhu kunye necala lombhobho ngokulandelelanayo.Ngokubanzi, zihamba-hamba kwaye zine-logarithmic encinci ithetha umahluko wobushushu bokulungisa into.Uninzi lwabatshintshi bobushushu bepleyiti bayahambelana okanye bahamba ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kwaye ulungiso luhlala lujikeleze i-0.95.Ukongezelela, ukuhamba kwamanzi ashushu kunye abandayo kwi-plate exchanger heat exchanger ihambelana nokuhamba kolwelo olushushu kunye olubandayo kwi-heat exchanger.
Umphezulu oshushu kwaye akukho nto idlulayo yenza umahluko wobushushu ekupheleni kwepleyiti yokutshintsha ubushushu ube mncinci, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kobushushu emanzini kunokuba ngaphantsi kwe-1 ° C, ngelixa iqokobhe kunye netyhubhu yokutshintshiselana kobushushu ngokuqhelekileyo yi-5 ° C.
(3) Umkhondo omncinci
I-plate heat exchanger ine-compact structure, kunye nommandla wokutshintshwa kobushushu kwiyunithi nganye ngama-2-5 amaxesha e-shell-and-tube heat exchanger.Ngokungafani ne-shell-and-tube exchanger heat, ayifuni indawo yokugcina ukukhutshwa kwe-tube bundle.Ngoko ke, ukuze kuphunyezwe umthamo ofanayo wokudlulisa ubushushu, indawo yomgangatho weplate yokutshintsha ubushushu imalunga ne-1/5-1/8 yeqokobhe kunye ne-tube heat exchanger.
(4) Kulula ukutshintsha indawo yokutshintsha ubushushu okanye ukudibanisa inkqubo
Ngethuba nje iiplati ezimbalwa zongezwa okanye zisuswe, injongo yokwandisa okanye ukunciphisa indawo yokudlulisa ubushushu inokufezekiswa.Ngokutshintsha iplani yeplate okanye ukutshintshwa kweentlobo ezininzi zeplate, ukudibanisa inkqubo efunekayo kunokufezekiswa, kunye nommandla wokutshintsha ubushushu beqokobhe kunye ne-tube exchanger heat exchanger unokutshintshwa kwiimeko ezintsha zokutshintsha ubushushu.Kuphantse ukuba akunakwenzeka ukunyusa indawo yokutshintshwa kobushushu begobolondo kunye ne-tube exchanger heat exchanger.
(5) ubunzima obulula
Ubunzima beplate ye-plate heat exchanger yi-0.4-0.8 mm kuphela, kwaye ubukhulu betyhubhu ye-shell-and-tube exchanger heat exchanger yi-2.0-2.5 mm.Iqokobhe kunye nezitshintshi zobushushu ityhubhu zinzima kakhulu kunezakhelo zokutshintsha ubushushu kwipleyiti.Abatshintshi bobushushu beplate ngokubanzi bajonga kuphela malunga ne-1/5 yobunzima beqokobhe kunye netyhubhu.
(6) Ixabiso eliphantsi
Izinto eziphathekayo ze-plate heat exchanger ziyafana, indawo yokutshintshiselana kobushushu iyafana, kwaye ixabiso li-40% ~ 60% eliphantsi kunelo ligobolondo kunye ne-tube heat exchanger.
(7) Kulula ukwenza
Ipleyiti yokutshintshwa kobushushu besitya sokutshintsha ubushushu ifakwe isitampu kwaye icutshungulwe, enezinga eliphezulu lomgangatho kwaye inokuveliswa ngobuninzi.Iqokobhe kunye nezitshintshi zobushushu ityhubhu zihlala zenziwe ngesandla.
(8) Kulula ukuyicoca
Ngethuba nje iibholiti zoxinzelelo zeplate yefreyimu yokutshintsha ubushushu zikhululekile, i-tube bundle ye-plate heat exchanger inokukhululwa, kwaye i-plate exchanger heat exchanger inokususwa ukucocwa ngoomatshini.Oku kulungeleka kakhulu kwinkqubo yokutshintshiselana kobushushu bezixhobo ezifuna ukucocwa rhoqo.
(9) Ilahleko encinci yobushushu
Kwi-plate exchanger heat exchanger, kuphela i-shell shell ye-heat exchange plate ibonakaliswe emoyeni, ukulahlekelwa kobushushu akunamsebenzi, kwaye akukho manyathelo okukhusela afunekayo.
