Ukusuka kwiiwotshi ukuya kwii-injini zomphunga, iigiya ezinobukhulu obahlukeneyo, ezinkulu nezincinci, zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo njengamacandelo oomatshini bokuhambisa amandla.Kuthiwa ubungakanani bentengiso yeegiya kunye nezinto zegiya emhlabeni bufikelele kwitriliyoni enye yeyuan, kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba iya kuqhubeka ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwixa elizayo kunye nophuhliso lweshishini.
Igiya luhlobo lwamalungu asetyenziswa kakhulu ebomini, nokuba kukubhabha, ukuthutha, inqwelo-mafutha njalo njalo.Nangona kunjalo, xa igiya iyilwe kwaye iqhutywe, inani leegiya liyafuneka.Abanye abantu bathi ukuba lingaphantsi kwamazinyo ali-17, alinakujikeleziswa., uyazi ukuba kutheni?
Ngoko kutheni 17?Endaweni yamanye amanani?Ngokuphathelele i-17, oku kuqala ngendlela yokucubungula i-gear, njengoko kuboniswe kumzobo ongezantsi, indlela esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kukusebenzisa i-hob ukusika.
Xa ukuveliswa kweegiya ngale ndlela, xa inani lamazinyo lincinci, ukuchithwa kwe-undercutting kwenzeka, okuchaphazela amandla ezixhobo ezenziweyo.What is undercuting kuthetha ukuba ingcambu isikiwe...Qaphela ibhokisi ebomvu emfanekisweni:
Ngoko ke kungaphetshwa nini ukusika?Impendulo yile 17 (xa i-addumum coefficient i-1 kunye ne-angle yoxinzelelo yi-degrees ezingama-20).
Okokuqala, isizathu sokuba iigiya zikwazi ukujikeleza kungenxa yokuba isibini sobudlelwane obuhle bokuhambisa kufuneka senziwe phakathi kwegiya ephezulu kunye negiya esezantsi.Kuphela xa uxhulumaniso phakathi kwezi zibini lukhona, umsebenzi walo unokuba lubudlelwane obuzinzile.Ukuthatha iigiya ezibandakanyekayo njengomzekelo, iigiya ezimbini zinokudlala indima yazo kuphela ukuba zidibene kakuhle.Ngokukodwa, zahlulwe zaba ziindidi ezimbini: iigiya ze-spur kunye neegiya ze-helical.
Kwi-standard spur gear, i-coefficient yokuphakama kwe-adendum yi-1, kwaye i-coefficient yokuphakama kwesithende sezinyo ngu-1.25, kwaye i-angle yoxinzelelo yayo kufuneka ifikelele kuma-degrees angama-20.Xa i-gear icutshungulwa, ukuba isiseko sezinyo kunye nesixhobo zifana nezixhobo ezimbini ezifanayo.
Ukuba inani lamazinyo e-embryo lingaphantsi kwexabiso elithile, inxalenye yengcambu yezinyo iya kugrunjwa, ebizwa ngokuba yi-undercutting.Ukuba i-undercutting encinci, iya kuchaphazela amandla kunye nokuzinza kwegiya.Ezi zili-17 zikhankanywe apha zezezixhobo.Ukuba asithethi ngokusebenza kakuhle kweegiya, kuya kusebenza nokuba mangaphi na amazinyo.
Ukongeza, i-17 linani eliphambili, oko kukuthi, inani lokugqithana phakathi kwezinyo elithile legiya kunye nezinye iigiya lincinci kwinani elithile lokujika, kwaye aliyi kuhlala kweli nqanaba ixesha elide. xa kusenziwa amandla.Iigiya zizixhobo ezichanekileyo.Nangona kuya kubakho iimpazamo kwisixhobo ngasinye, amathuba okuba i-wheel shaft inxibe kwi-17 iphezulu kakhulu, ngoko ke ukuba i-17, iya kuba yinto efanelekileyo ixesha elifutshane, kodwa ayiyi kusebenza ixesha elide.
Kodwa nantsi ingxaki iza!Kusekho iigiya ezininzi ezinamazinyo angaphantsi kwe-17 kwimarike, kodwa zisajika kakuhle, kukho imifanekiso kunye nenyaniso!
Abanye abasebenzisi be-intanethi babonise ukuba, eneneni, ukuba utshintsha indlela yokulungisa, kunokwenzeka ukwenza iigiya ezisemgangathweni ezinamazinyo angaphantsi kwe-17.Ngokuqinisekileyo, igiya elinjalo likwalula ukuxinga (ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwegesi, andiwufumani umfanekiso, nceda wenze ingqondo yakho), ngoko ayinako ukujika.Kukho kwakhona izisombululo ezininzi ezihambelanayo, kwaye i-gear shifting yeyona isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo (ngokwemiqathango ye-layman, kukuhambisa isixhobo kude xa usika), kwaye kukho iigiya ze-helical, i-cycloidal gears, njl. Emva koko kukho i-pancycloid. izixhobo.
Enye imbono yomnatha: Wonke umntu ubonakala ekholelwa kakhulu kwiincwadi.Andazi ukuba bangaphi abantu abazifunde kakuhle iigiya emsebenzini.Kwisifundo semigaqo yomatshini, akukho sizathu sisisiseko se-involute spur gears ezinamazinyo angaphezu kwe-17.Ukukhutshwa kokusika kusekelwe kwinto yokuba i-fillet ephezulu ye-rake yobuso be-rack yesixhobo se-rack yokulungisa iigiya yi-0, kodwa eneneni, izixhobo kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso ayinayo i-angle ye-R?(Ngaphandle kwesixhobo se-R angle yonyango lobushushu, icandelo elibukhali loxinzelelo loxinzelelo kulula ukuqhekeka, kwaye kulula ukunxiba okanye ukuqhekeka ngexesha lokusetyenziswa) kwaye nokuba isixhobo asinayo i-R angle undercut, inani eliphezulu lamazinyo alinakuba yi-17 amazinyo, ngoko ke amazinyo ali-17 asetyenziswa njengemeko ye-undercut.Enyanisweni, kuvuleleke ukuba kuxoxwe!Makhe sijonge le mifanekiso ingasentla.
Inokubonwa kumzobo ukuba xa i-gear isenziwa ngesixhobo esine-R angle ye-0 phezulu kwi-rake face, ijika lenguqu ukusuka kwizinyo le-15 ukuya kwizinyo le-18 alitshintshi kakhulu, ngoko kutheni kunjalo. uthe izinyo le-17 liqala ngezinyo elithe tye?Kuthekani ngenani lamazinyo anqunyulwa ngaphantsi?
Lo mfanekiso kumele ukuba uzotywe ngabafundi abaphambili kubunjineli boomatshini kunye noFan Chengyi.Uyakwazi ukubona impembelelo ye-angle ye-R yesixhobo kwi-undercut ye-gear.
Ijika elilinganayo le-epicycloid emfusa eyandisiweyo kwingcambu yomfanekiso ongentla yiprofayili yezinyo emva kokusikwa kweengcambu.Ikude kangakanani inxalenye yengcambu yegiya ukuba ichaphazele ukusetyenziswa kwayo?Oku kuchongwa yintshukumo ehambelanayo yomphezulu wezinyo kwelinye igiya kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla engcambu yezinyo yegiya.Ukuba umphezulu wezinyo wesixhobo sokukhwelana awudibanisi nenxalenye yangaphantsi, iigiya ezimbini zinokujikeleza ngokuqhelekileyo, (Qaphela: I-Undercut Inxalenye yayo yiprofayili yamazinyo e-non-involute, kunye nokudityaniswa kweprofayili yamazinyo e-involute kunye ne-non-- Iprofayili yezinyo e-involute ayiqhelekanga ukudityaniswa kwimeko yoyilo olungachanekanga, oko kukuthi, ukuphazamisa).
Kulo mfanekiso, kunokubonwa ukuba umgca wokunamathelisa weegiya ezimbini usandula ukosula ubuninzi besangqa esijongene nejiko leegiya ezimbini (Qaphela: inxalenye emfusa yiprofayile yezinyo elingaphakathi, inxalenye etyheli yi-undercut. inxalenye, umgca we-meshing Akunakwenzeka ukuba ungene ngaphantsi kwesangqa sesiseko, kuba akukho involute ngaphantsi kwesangqa sesiseko, kunye neendawo zokuhlambela iigiya ezimbini nakweyiphi na indawo yonke kulo mgca), oko kukuthi, iigiya ezimbini ziyakwazi. umnatha nje ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokuqinisekileyo oku Akuvumelekanga kubunjineli, ubude bomgca we-meshing ngu-142.2, eli xabiso / icandelo lesiseko = idigri ye-coincidence.
Kulo mfanekiso, kunokubonwa ukuba umgca wokunamathelisa weegiya ezimbini usandula ukosula ubuninzi besangqa esijongene nejiko leegiya ezimbini (Qaphela: inxalenye emfusa yiprofayile yezinyo elingaphakathi, inxalenye etyheli yi-undercut. inxalenye, umgca we-meshing Akunakwenzeka ukuba ungene ngaphantsi kwesangqa sesiseko, kuba akukho involute ngaphantsi kwesangqa sesiseko, kunye neendawo zokuhlambela iigiya ezimbini nakweyiphi na indawo yonke kulo mgca), oko kukuthi, iigiya ezimbini ziyakwazi. umnatha nje ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokuqinisekileyo oku Akuvumelekanga kubunjineli, ubude bomgca we-meshing ngu-142.2, eli xabiso / icandelo lesiseko = idigri ye-coincidence.
Abanye bathi: Okokuqala, ukumiselwa kwalo mbuzo kuphosakele.Iigiya ezinamazinyo angaphantsi kwe-17 aziyi kuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa (inkcazo yale ngongoma kwimpendulo yokuqala ayilunganga, kwaye imiqathango emithathu yokudibanisa okuchanekileyo kweegiya ayinanto yokwenza nenani lamazinyo), kodwa amazinyo angama-17 ezithile Kwezinye iimeko ezithile, kuya kuba nzima ukusetyenzwa, nantsi ngakumbi ukongeza ulwazi malunga nezixhobo.
Makhe ndithethe nge-involute kuqala, i-involute lolona hlobo lusetyenziswa kakhulu lweprofayili yezinyo legiya.Ngoko kutheni involute?Uthini umahluko phakathi kwalo mgca kunye nomgca othe ngqo kunye ne-arc?Njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mfanekiso ungezantsi, yi-involute (apha kukho isiqingatha sezinyo esibandakanyekayo)
Ukuyibeka ngegama elinye, i-involute kukuthatha umgca ochanekileyo kunye nenqaku elichanekileyo kuwo, xa umgca ochanekileyo ujikeleza kwisangqa, umzila wendawo echanekileyo.Izibonelelo zayo ziyabonakala xa ezimbini zibandakanya umnatha omnye komnye, njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mfanekiso ungezantsi.
Xa amavili amabini ajikelezayo, ulwalathiso olubambeleyo lwamandla kwindawo yoqhagamshelwano (ezifana ne-M, M' ) isoloko ikumgca othe tye ofanayo, kwaye lo mgca uthe tye ugcinwe ngokwe-perpendicular kwiindawo ezimbini zoqhagamshelwano ezimilise okwe-involute (iinqwelomoya ze-tangent). ).Ngenxa yokuma okuthe nkqo, akuyi kubakho "ukutyibilika" kunye "nokungqubana" phakathi kwabo, okunciphisa ngokuthe ngqo amandla okukhuhlana kwe-gear mesh, engakwazi nje ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, kodwa nokwandisa ubomi begiya.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, njengeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiprofayili yezinyo - i-involute, ayilona khetho lwethu kuphela.
Ngaphandle kwe "undercutting", njengeenjineli, akufuneki siqwalasele kuphela ukuba kunokwenzeka kwinqanaba lethiyori kwaye ingaba umphumo ulungile, kodwa okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kufuneka sifumane indlela yokwenza izinto zethiyori ziphume, ezibandakanya ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo. , ukuvelisa, ukuchaneka, ukuvavanywa, njl njl njl.
Iindlela zokusetyenzwa ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiigiya zohlulwe ngokubanzi ngendlela yokubumba kunye nendlela yokwenza ifeni.Indlela yokubumba kukusika ngokuthe ngqo ukumila kwezinyo ngokwenza isixhobo esihambelana nokumila kwesithuba phakathi kwamazinyo.Oku ngokubanzi kubandakanya abasiki bokusila, amavili okusila ibhabhathane, njl. njl.;Indlela yeFan Cheng ithelekisa i-Complicated, unokuqonda ukuba iigiya ezimbini zine-meshing, enye yazo inzima kakhulu (imela), kwaye enye isekwimeko erhabaxa.Inkqubo ye-meshing ihamba ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka kumgama omde ukuya kwimeko ye-meshing eqhelekileyo.Kule nkqubo iigiya ezintsha ziveliswa ngokusika okuphakathi.Ukuba unomdla, unokufumana "Imigaqo yeMechanics" ukuze ufunde ngokubanzi.
Indlela ye-Fancheng isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kodwa xa inani lamazinyo egiya lincinci, indawo yokuhlangana yomgca we-adendum yesixhobo kunye nomgca we-meshing uya kudlula umda we-meshing we-gear cut, kunye neengcambu zegiya eziza kucutshungulwa. iya kuba phezu Ukusika, ngenxa yokuba inxalenye undercut idlula indawo meshing umda, ayichaphazeli meshing eqhelekileyo iigiya, kodwa ukusilela kukuba buthathaka amandla amazinyo.Xa iigiya ezinjalo zisetyenziswa kwiimeko ezinzima ezifana neebhokisi zegiya, Kulula ukophula amazinyo egiya.Umfanekiso ubonisa imodeli ye-2-die 8-tooth gear emva kokucubungula okuqhelekileyo (nge-undercut).
Kwaye i-17 linani lomda wamazinyo abalwa phantsi komgangatho wegiya welizwe lethu.Isixhobo esinenani lamazinyo angaphantsi kwe-17 iya kubonakala "i-undercutting phenomenon" xa ngokuqhelekileyo iqhutywe ngendlela yeFancheng.Ngeli xesha, indlela yokucubungula kufuneka ilungiswe, njengokufuduswa, njengoko kuboniswe kumfanekiso we-2-die 8-tooth gear machined for indexing (i-undercut encinci).
Kakade ke, imixholo emininzi echazwe apha ayiphelelanga.Kukho iindawo ezininzi ezinomdla ngakumbi kumatshini, kwaye kukho iingxaki ezingakumbi ekuveliseni la malungu kubunjineli.Abafundi abanomdla banokufuna ukunikela ingqalelo engakumbi.
Isiphelo: Amazinyo angama-17 avela kwindlela yokucubungula, kwaye kuxhomekeke kwindlela yokucubungula.Ukuba indlela yokucubungula i-gear itshintshiwe okanye iphuculwe, njengendlela yokwenza kunye nokulungiswa kokuhamba (apha ngokukodwa kubhekiselele kwi-spur gear), i-undercut phenomenon ayiyi kwenzeka, kwaye akukho ngxaki kunye nenani elilinganiselwe lamazinyo ali-17.
